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Immunology 2018
J u l y 0 5 - 0 7 , 2 0 1 8
V i e n n a , A u s t r i a
Page 75
Journal of Clinical Immunology and Allergy
ISSN 2471-304X
1 5
t h
I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Immunology
B
iomaterials are commonly characterized as materials used to
construct artificial organs, rehabilitation devices, or implants to
replace natural body tissues. In general, materials fall into the three
categories: metals, ceramics and polymers. The use of biomaterials
in clinical practices depends on solving the following problems: 1)
toxicity, 2) biological compatibility (biocompatibility), 3) mechanical
properties. Biocompatibility has been defined as the ability of amaterial
to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application.
The corrosion of metal is the main problem in construction of implants.
Metals commonly used for implants are: cobalt-chromium alloys,
stainless steel, titanium alloys, gold, platinum, silver-tin-copper alloys.
These elements could be accumulated at the highest doses in the
adjacent tissues and bone marrow and could circulate in bloodstream
and penetrate to other organs in the body. These released metal ions
may cause type IV inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions, and
alternations in bone modeling that lead to aseptic loosening and
implant failure. The ions of metals released from the surface of the
implant are absorbed by present macrophages which are involved
in many of the processes associated with phagocytose orthopaedic
biomaterials particles and release the pro-inflammatory mediators as
interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)
and prostaglandin. The pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 α and
β stimulate resorption of bone and then they act synergistically to the
tumor necrosis factor TNF-α. Moreover, macrophages release matrix
metalloproteinases (MMPs), and chemokines. Another investigation
has shown that Cr and Co ions inhibitis osteoblasts, osteoclasts and T
and B cell proliferation.
The impact of biomaterial’s components on the cellular and
humoral immunity
Sylwia Terpiłowska
1
and Andrzej K Siwicki
2
1
The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
2
University Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Biography
Professor Andrzej K. Siwicki, VMD, Ph.D., DSc is a head of Department
Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Warmia and Mazury and Department of Pathology and
Immunology IFI in Olsztyn, Poland. He is author of over 500 original papers
in reputed journals and about 200 scientific communications (index-h 32,
index of citation: 4502). His fields of interest are modulation of defence
mechanisms and protection against diseases by natural and synthetic
products in animals, influence of pollutants on the cell-mediated immunity
and restoration of immunity after suppression induced by xenobiotics.
Developed a new possibility in the comparative immunotoxicology for
control of effect of xenobiotics and pharmaceutical products on the
defence mechanisms and protection against diseases. He attended
scientific missions in USA, Japan, France and Israel, was a co-ordinator
of USDA and FAO projects and he is professor conferring of 14 PhDs and
4 DSc.v.
siwicki@uwm.edu.plAndrzej K. Siwicki et al., Insights Allergy Asthma Bronchitis 2018, Volume: 4
DOI: 10.21767/2471-304X-C1-003