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Immunology 2018
J u l y 0 5 - 0 7 , 2 0 1 8
V i e n n a , A u s t r i a
Page 76
Journal of Clinical Immunology and Allergy
ISSN 2471-304X
1 5
t h
I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Immunology
The immune response is the process of recognition of potentially
harmful agents by specialized cells of the immune system. It is
expressed as cellular and humoral immunity. Micro-, macro-, and
nanoelements can give adverse effects in immunity. The nanoelements
(e.g. Silver, TiO
2
, ZnO) modulated immune responses via TLR signaling
pathways. AgNP, ZnONP, PtNP,TiO
2
NP, AuNPenhancedproinflammatory
cytokine expression: IL-6-, IL-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ and T cell activation. TiO
2
nanoparticles dose-dependently increased histamine secretion and
increased cytosolic Ca
2+
concentration in mast cells. TiO
2
nanoparticles
provoke inflammatory cytokines and increase dendritic cell maturation,
expression of costimulatorymolecules, and prime naiveTcell activation
and proliferation. The micro and macroelements on the one hand, they
can be expected to increase the production of reactive oxygen species
(ROS). They can initiate lipid peroxidation and cellular damage.
Immune cells are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress, because
their membranes contain high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty
acids which are very susceptible to peroxidation and, when stimulated,
they produce large amounts of ROS. On the other hand, trace elements
are involved in the antioxidant system and the deficiency of any of
them may depress immunity. Uncontrolled oxidation reactions may
impair the animal’s immune status. Moreover, immune cells and their
mechanisms of phagocytic activities are affected by microelements
deficiencies. It has been proved that selenium supplementation
improves neutrophil’s phagocytic capacity. However, low copper status
reduces neutrophil phagocytic capacity. Moreover, it has been shown
that selenium deficiency affects blood levels of IgG, IgM and IgA as
well as T cell function. A number of nutrients (eg Zinc, Selenium, and
Chromium) have the ability to modulate immune response through
the production of antibodies or cytokines. Moreover the elements are
required for immune cells proliferation or activation (e.g. Iron).
The toxicology of nanoparticles, microelements and
macroelements in cellular and humoral immunity
Sylwia Terpiłowska
1
and Andrzej K. Siwicki
2
1
The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
2
University Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Biography
Professor Andrzej K. Siwicki, VMD, Ph.D., DSc is a head of Department
Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Warmia and Mazury and Department of Pathology and
Immunology IFI in Olsztyn, Poland. He is author of over 500 original papers
in reputed journals and about 200 scientific communications (index-h 32,
index of citation: 4502). His fields of interest are modulation of defence
mechanisms and protection against diseases by natural and synthetic
products in animals, influence of pollutants on the cell-mediated immunity
and restoration of immunity after suppression induced by xenobiotics.
Developed a new possibility in the comparative immunotoxicology for
control of effect of xenobiotics and pharmaceutical products on the
defence mechanisms and protection against diseases. He attended
scientific missions in USA, Japan, France and Israel, was a co-ordinator
of USDA and FAO projects and he is professor conferring of 14 PhDs and
4 DSc.v.
siwicki@uwm.edu.plAndrzej K. Siwicki et al., Insights Allergy Asthma Bronchitis 2018, Volume: 4
DOI: 10.21767/2471-304X-C1-003