virology-infectious-diseases-2019-posters-abstracts

A p r i l 2 2 - 2 3 , 2 0 1 9

A t h e n s , G r e e c e

Page 77

Archives of Clinical Microbiology

ISSN: 1989-8436

Virology and Infectious Diseases 2019

EuroSciCon Conference on

Virology and Infectious Diseases

t is widely accepted that people with diabetes (DM) bear an increased propensity to develop infections and the

magnitude of the diabetes effect on the risk, remains an active research question. Besides cardiovascular causes

and cancer, infectious diseases substantially contribute to the reduced life expectancy for DM. Diabetes enhances

the susceptibility to significantly higher rate of osteomyelitis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, pneumonia, cellulitis, sepsis or

peritonitis and therefore to lower respiratory and urinary tract, bacterial skin and mucous membrane infections. There

are several additional aspects that link diabetes to rare infections such as emphysematous pyelonephritis, invasive

otitis externa, emphysematous cholecystitis or rhinocerebral mucormycosis. Host- and organism-specific factors may

explain why DM are more susceptible while are immunocompromised and recurrent infections can pose a problem.

Although diabetes seems to predispose to some infectious diseases and possibly to a worse outcome thereof, several

lines of evidence suggest that diabetes comorbidities importantly contribute to this phenotype. Many factors could

predispose to infections, including genetic susceptibility, altered cellular and humoral immune defence, plus poor blood

supply and nerve damage. Alterations in metabolism contribute significantly and improvements in metabolic control

is limiting the development of an infection. The reasons why DM presents with an increased susceptibility to frequent

and protracted infections remain still far from being understood. Studies have shed light to the diminished defective

chemotaxis, bacterial killing, superoxide production, leukotriene release, lysosomal-enzyme secretion and endoplasmic

reticulum stress, which is related to the degree of glycaemic control and is reversible. Further on hyperglycaemia leads

to more pronounced activation of coagulation, while at the same time neutrophil degranulation is reduced. Infections

continue to bear a serious hazard for the DM but remains difficult to comprehend the underlying problem and explain

why epidemiologic studies yielding conflicting results.

Diminished antimicrobial defence in Diabetes

mellitus

Panagiotis G Halvatsiotis

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

Arch Clin Microbiol 2019, Volume:10

DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436-C1-018