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Journal of Transmitted Diseases and Immunity
ISSN: 2573-0320 Page 75
Volume 4
May 10-11, 2018
Frankfurt, Germany
Immunology Research 2018
Tissue Science 2018
JOINT EVENT
2 2 n d E d i t i o n o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Immunology and
Evolution of Infectious Diseases
&
1 2 t h E d i t i o n o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine
Insoluble and inactive protein aggregates knownHormone
therapy is advised for ER+ metastatic breast cancer patients
due to its efficacy concomitant with low toxicity; however, in
most patients the occurrence of resistance is a not well yet
understood hurdle to overcome. In these patients, during clinical
benefit (CB) from conventional anti-estrogens, the addition of
cycles of sequential immunotherapy could prolong the benefit
and delay the arising of acquired hormone resistance. In order to
validate this hypothesis, in 1992 we started an open exploratory
clinical trial. Forty-two of these patients in CB during first line
anti-estrogen salvage therapy also received beta-interferon
(INF-beta) 3,000,000 IU i.m./day 3 days/week for 1-4 weeks
and successively recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) 3,000,000
IU s.c./day 3 days/week for 5-8 weeks until progression. The
immunotherapy cycle lasted 10 weeks and the patient continued
anti-estrogen alone during 9-10 weeks, the 11th week being the
first week of the successive cycle. At each control visit, routine
laboratory examinations and serum measurement of a CEA,
TPA, CA15.3 tumor marker (TM) panel were carried out, and an
immunological assessment was made (total lymphocytes, CD4+,
CD8+, NK cells, T-reg, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNFa, TGFbeta1 and IFN-
gamma). The addition of INF-beta-IL-2 sequence significantly
prolonged clinical benefit and overall survival from conventional
antiestrogens. During CB as opposed to progression, a significant
immune stimulation was observed. During CB also a significant
CEA, TPA, CA15.3 decrease occurred 24–72 h after interleukin-2
administration. At the progression a significant increase for CEA
and for all three markers (standardized values) was found 24–72
h after interleukin-2 administration. In patients who survived less
than five years, the Treg cell increase occurred at a significantly
shorter time interval than in those who survived longer than five
years (20 vs. 45.5 months, respectively; P=0.001). To further
confirm these promising results, a multicenter prospective phase
II trial is going to be launched by the Cancer Center Institute of
Tuscany in Italy.
Hormone immunotherapy in endocrine dependent metastatic
breast cancer patients
Andrea Nicolini and Paola Ferrari
University of Pisa, Italy
J Transm Dis Immun 2018, Volume 2
DOI: 10.21767/2471-8084-C1-003