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Journal of Transmitted Diseases and Immunity
ISSN: 2573-0320
Page 70
Volume 4
May 10-11, 2018
Frankfurt, Germany
Immunology Research 2018
Tissue Science 2018
JOINT EVENT
2 2
n d
E d i t i o n o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Immunology and
Evolution of Infectious Diseases
&
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t h
E d i t i o n o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine
J
apanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the chief causes of
acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in North India with
more than 15% confirmed cases. The disease is caused by
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a neurovirulent RNA flavivirus
transmitted by
Culex
mosquitoes. The virus in natural cycle
circulates between pig and mosquitoes or bird and mosquitoes,
with pigs being the most important biological amplifiers. Though
humans are accidental dead end hosts, JE has generated
considerable public anxiety because it mainly remains a disease
of children. The disease ranges from non-specific febrile illness
to a severe meningoencephalomyelitis illness. The transmission
of disease can occur throughout the year in endemic zone, with
disease at a peak during monsoon season. Since there is no
specific treatment available and vaccination is the best measure
to get protection from the disease; it is important to understand
the molecular mechanisms in host. The virus has been shown to
induce neutrophil infiltration in neural and extra neural tissues. A
neutrophil chemotactic protein derived from macrophages had
been isolated from JEV induced animal models. It had variety
of pathologic effects on host, including vascular permeability
and breach in blood brain barrier. The presence of inflammatory
chemokine IL-8 was also significantly detected in JE confirmed
patients during acute phase of illness. The study had revealed
a correlation between IL-8 levels and severity of illness as all
severely ill and fatal cases showed higher levels of IL-8 in acute
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. In cases who recovered
completely, the level of IL-8 declined markedly by convalescent
phase. The study indicates important interaction between pro
inflammatory cytokine, macrophages and neutrophils during JE
infection.
Biography
Aditi Singh has over seventeen years of experience in research and
academics. After completing her Doctorate in the year 2000 from King
Georges’ Medical College, she started teaching at undergraduate and post
graduate level. During PhD thesis, she tried to understand the pathogenesis
of Japanese encephalitis virus in disease confirmed patients; where in pro
inflammatory cytokines were studied and evaluated. Her area of research
interest is Microbiology, Immunology and Enzymology. Till now, she has
authored more than thirty research papers in national and international
journals and two book chapters. She has presented more than twenty
papers in national and international conferences. Currently, she is working
as Associate Professor in Amity University, a leading private University of
India.
asingh3@lko.amity.eduInflammatory mechanism during Japanese encephalitis virus
infection
Aditi Singh
Amity University, India
Aditi Singh, J Transm Dis Immun 2018, Volume 2
DOI: 10.21767/2573-0320-C2-006