immunology-2018-scientifictracks

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Immunology 2018
J u l y 0 5 - 0 7 , 2 0 1 8
V i e n n a , A u s t r i a
Page 42
Journal of Clinical Immunology and Allergy
ISSN 2471-304X
1 5 t h I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Immunology
In the last 50 years the population has been affected by chronic non-
transmissible diseases (CND's) whose chronic low-grade inflammatory base
is well elucidated. In addition, it is observed that CND’s are strongly associated
with the western dietary pattern, and that adjuvant to these diseases there are
presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. It is a characteristic of the Western
diet, the low fiber intake due to the reduced consumption of unprocessed or
minimally processed foods of plant origin. In this context, the role of dietary
or supplementary fibers on immune regulation is known, especially when they
are metabolized by probiotic bacteria, and converted to short chain fatty acids
(SCFA's). Among SCFA's, butyrate has the greatest impact on the maintenance
of intestinal selective permeability in two ways: when it is metabolized by the
intestinal L-cell, it stimulates the release of GLP-2 (Glucagon Like Peptide
2), responsible for the maintenance of tight junctions; and by the stimulation
of G protein receptors (GPRC), butyrate appears able to signal the NACHT,
LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3) pathway involved in
the inflammasome system, stimulating the production of IL-18, therefore
improving epithelial integrity. Other SFCA’s such as acetate promote the
differentiation of goblet cells as well as increase mucus production. The
role of these bacterial metabolites on the stimulation of IgA production by B
lymphocytes and in the promotion of Treg cell stimulation is also evidenced,
resulting in a higher immunological tolerance to food antigens. Treg cells, when
metabolizing butyrate, produce IL-10, which plays local anti-inflammatory
effect. Finally, these SFCA’s shows an anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting
the production of NF-kb, TNF, IL-6 and Interferon in macrophages. Thus, it is
necessary improve the intake of fiber-rich foods aiming to reduce chronic low-
grade inflammation which is one of the major culprits of CND’s.
Biography
Jefferson holds a degree in Nutrition from the University of
Brasília (2013). Currently, he is a Nutritionist - GENES Nutrition
Consulting. He has an experience in Nutrition, with emphasis
in Nutrition Biochemistry. He holds a Postgraduate degree in
Functional Clinical Nutrition from the VP - Nutrition Consulting
(2016) and is currently pursuing a Postgraduate degree in
Sports Nutrition and Exercise Physiology from UFG and Clinical
Nutrition Applied to Pathologies Based on Orthomolecular
Practice. He is a Professor of Post-graduation in VP Functional
Nutrition since 2017.
Role of dietary fiber in immune modulation by short chain fatty acids
Jefferson Bitencourt1 , Paulo Mendes1 and Lucas Salgado2
1Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil
2Centro Universitário de Brasília - UniCEUB, Brazil
Jefferson Bitencourt et al., Insights Allergy Asthma Bronchitis 2018, Volume: 4
DOI: 10.21767/2471-304X-C1-002