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Journal of Transmitted Diseases and Immunity
ISSN: 2573-0320 Page 34
Volume 4
May 10-11, 2018
Frankfurt, Germany
Immunology Research 2018
Tissue Science 2018
JOINT EVENT
2 2 n d E d i t i o n o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Immunology and
Evolution of Infectious Diseases
&
1 2 t h E d i t i o n o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n
Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine
T oday topic is human leukocyte antigen (HLA) non-classical
class Ib genes, HLA-G, -E and -F, involved in immune
tolerance. HLA-G immune-inhibitory role acting directly on
immune cells is extensively documented. HLA-G inhibits
natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity. This molecule is also able to
negatively influence antigen presentation of dendritic cells
(DC), B and T lymphocytes activation and proliferation. HLA-G
gene is characterized by few coding alleles and polymorphic
regulatory regions, organized in a restricted number of
haplotypes (UTR). Both HLA-G genetic polymorphism and
expression are correlated to clinical outcome in different
pathologies, particularly in inflammatory disease and organ
transplantation. HLA-G phylogeny reflects HLA-G haplotype
specific association with different clinical conditions.
HLA-G sequences associated with immune impairments in
pathological conditions are grouped in same phylogenetic
clades. Furthermore, this molecule displays several isoforms,
soluble or membrane bound, generated by alternative splicing.
Besides its expression in immune cells, HLA-G is expressed
by the epithelium and is implicated in cell proliferation and
differentiation. However, little is known about the qualitative
and quantitative HLA-G expression in epithelial cells. HLA-E
gene is the least polymorphic of the HLA class Ib genes. While
its transcripts have been detected in several tissues, membrane
expression appears to be limited in physiological condition
to endothelial cells, T and B lymphocytes, macrophages and
trophoblast cells. HLA-E peptide-binding groove, composed by
α1 and α2 domains, loads highly conserved peptides mainly
derived from classical HLA class I leader peptide sequences.
HLA-E binds preferentially HLA-G signal peptide. HLA-E inhibit
NK cytotoxicity trough the CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptor.
HLA-F appears to be expressed mostly in intracellular
compartment; its surface expression is detected on activated
B, T, and NK cells in vitro and on extravillous-trophoblast that
had invaded the maternal decidua in vivo. HLA-F, expressed
as an open conformer molecule, binds the inhibitory receptor
KIR3DS1.
Biography
J Di Cristofaro has her experience in Human Genetics applied to Personal
Medicine. She graduated PhD in Oncology from the Aix Marseille Universi-
ty, Immunological Therapies in Paris Descartes University and Forensics in
Bordeaux University. After completing her PhD at INSERM, she has joined
the French Blood Center to set up a genetic analysis platform dedicated
to Immunogenetics, Immunohematology and Anthropogenetics. She has
worked on molecular carcinogenesis and set up markers to help carcino-
mas classification and worked in anthropogenetics on Y chromosome phy-
logeny. Her current researches focus is HLA Ib molecules in immunization
and inflammatory responses. Her aim is to validate inflammatory and/or
alloimmunization prognostic markers in blood transfusions, pregnancies,
transplantation or inflammatory diseases. Her team works on genetic poly-
morphisms, transcriptional expression variation both at qualitative level and
quantitative level, protein expression and function.
HLA Ib molecules in alloimmunization and inflammatory
response
Julie Di Cristofaro
Aix Marseille University, France
Julie Di Cristofaro, J Transm Dis Immun 2018, Volume 2
DOI: 10.21767/2573-0320-C2-005