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Volume 4, Issue 2 American Journal of Ethnomedicine
ISSN 2348-9502
Natural Products Congress & World Pharma Congress 2017
October 16-18, 2017
3rd World Congress on
NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY AND RESEARCH
&
12th WORLD PHARMA CONGRESS
October 16-18, 2017 Budapest, Hungary
Isolation of Lycopodium alkaloids from Thai and Philippine Huperzia squarrosa and syntheses of
Huperzine A derivatives via amidation reaction
Thanasan Nilsu1 , Sakornrat Thorroad2, Apiwan Jamruksa1, Sirikan Deesiri1, Somsak Ruchirawat1,2 and Nopporn Thasana1,2
1Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Thailand
2Chulabhorn Research Institute, Thailand
Statement of the Problem: Lycopodium alkaloids are quinolizine, pyridine and pyridone alkaloids isolated from club mosses
(Lycopodiaceae). The most notable alkaloid from this group is huperzine A, which is a potent reversible Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
inhibitor. Studies on Lycopodium alkaloids from club mosses in Southeast Asia are deficient. This work aimed to phytochemically
investigate club mosses native to Thailand and the Philippines.
Methodology: Whole plants of H. squarrosa collected from Thailand and the Philippines were extracted with methanol. The
methanolic extracts were subjected to acid-base extraction. The obtained alkaloidal fractions were further purified through column
chromatography.
Findings: H. squarrosa from Thailand yielded four alkaloids. Two known Lycopodium alkaloids were identified to be huperzine
A (1) and 12-epilycodoline N-oxide (4). Squarrosine A (2) was a new fawcettimine-type Lycopodium alkaloid which possessed
intramolecular hydrogen bonding. (R)-2-piperidineacetic acid (5) has never been reportedly isolated. This alkaloid was speculated
to derive from precursors of Lycopodium alkaloids. From Philippine H. squarrosa, huperzine A (1) and pyrrolhuperzine A (3), a new
lycodine-related Lycopodium alkaloid bearing a rare pyrrole moiety, were isolated. Semi-synthetic approaches to pyrrolhuperzine A (3)
were achieved to confirm its structure elucidation, and two plausible biogenetic pathways from huperzine A (1) to pyrrolhuperzine A
(3) were proposed. Furthermore, huperzine A (1) was chemically transformed into three amide derivatives (6-8). The newly isolated
and semi-synthetic alkaloids were assayed for their anti-AChE activities. Huperzine A derivatives 6 and 7 exhibited strong AChE
inhibition.
Conclusion & Significance: Thai and Philippine H. squarrosa contained high amount of Huperzine A (1) (0.014% and 0.13%,
respectively). The synthesis of pyrrolyl derivative of Huperzine A has been accomplished for the first time.
Biography
Thanasan Nilsu is doing his PhD in Applied Biological Sciences at Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy of Science, Bangkok, Thailand. He
has been working on the isolation of Lycopodium alkaloids from Thai club mosses and derivatization of huperzine A. His research also includes pharmacological
evaluation of natural and synthetic compounds in mammalian cell culture.
Thanasan Nilsu et al., American Journal of Ethnomedicine, 4:2
DOI: 10.21767/2348-9502-C1-002