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Volume 2, Issue 2 (Suppl)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
ISSN: 2572-5548
Page 28
conferenceseries
.com
CO-ORGANIZED EVENT
August 31-September 01, 2017 Brussels, Belgium
&
International Conference on
Chronic Diseases
6
th
International Conference on
Microbial Physiology and Genomics
Diagnostic challenges in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Ljudmila Stojanovich
Belgrade University, Serbia
S
ystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or Hughes syndrome are probably the most
important paradigm of systemic autoimmune disease. Lupus is known as the great imitator, because its symptoms mimic
many other illnesses. Early diagnosis is critical in avoiding major organ damage. However, the lack of a gold standard test
to confirm diagnosis often results in delays or misdiagnosis. According to the American College of Rheumatology based
classification 4 of the 11 criteria have to be positive. The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics group decided to
address concerns about inclusion of many cutaneous, cardiac and neurological manifestations, the omission of low complement
levels and eight-year work validate a new set of classification criteria for SLE. These criteria were noted to be more sensitive but
less specific than the ACR criteria; they also resulted in fewer misclassifications of patients. Although at present APS is a well-
described, difficult-to-diagnose entity, it took many decades to define the diagnostic criteria. The latest classification criteria for
diagnosing APS are the 2006 reviewed Sapporo criteria that require the presence of at least one clinical manifestation and one
positive laboratory criteria. Following the application of the Sapporo criteria, controversy arose because those criteria identify
a more homogeneous group of APS patients at the expense of excluding another, a group collectively referred to as seronegative
APS. The need for more guidelines regarding the detection of LA is now fulfilled by the SSC updated guidelines. There are
recent studies present on the most promising antibodies of this heterogeneous aPL family. Nowadays, APS is increasingly
recognized as a multisystem disease, the clinical expression of which may include (many non-criteria) cardiac, neurological,
haematological, cutaneous and other manifestations. There is transition fromAPS to SLE with secondary APS. Special attention
should be given to secondary APS patients when they are submitted to high-risk events: from 7-10% patients with PAPS may
go on to develop SLE. Despite updates of the diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of SLE and APS remains difficult.
Biography
Ljudmila Stojanovich received her PhD in Medicine with the thesis entitled “Neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus” in 1999.
She is the Scientific Director at Bezhanijska Kosa, University Medical Center of Belgrade, where she is currently a Full Research Professor. Her research focuses
on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, and Vaccination in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. She is an author of three
monographs and of about 250 articles on various aspects of autoimmune rheumatic disorders, published in international and domestic journals and in conference
proceedings.
ljudmila_Stojanovich@yahoo.comLjudmila Stojanovich, Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017, 2:2
DOI: 10.21767/2572-5548-C1-002