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M a y 0 9 - 1 0 , 2 0 1 9
S t o c k h o l m , S w e d e n
Page 36
Journal of Organic & Inorganic Chemistry
ISSN: 2472-1123
Advanced Chemistry 2019
2
nd
European Congress on
Advanced Chemistry
I
t is well established that diet is the primary therapeutic approach for persons who are at increased risk of premature heart
disease, as a result of having elevated serum cholesterol levels (more than 200 mg/dl). Many dietary recommendations have
been published in the last five decades that have advised people to reduce their intake of total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol
to improve their cholesterol level and decrease the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, these recommendations have
recently been challenged by claims that dietary fat, saturated fat and cholesterol do not affect serum cholesterol levels and the
risk of CHD. Dietary cholesterol as a nutrient of concern has been dropped by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC)
report (2015), so as to accord with evidence that there is no appreciable relationship between dietary cholesterol and serum
cholesterol or clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, the DGAC placed no limit on total fat consumption. Although
evidence for an association between saturated fat intake and CHD remains controversial, it is widely accepted that saturated
fats can raise serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) which increase is reflected in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction. A
meta-analysis (Siri-Tarino et al. 2010) of prospective cohort studies has indicated no association between saturated fat intake
and CHD. While a randomized trial (Dreon et al. 1998) has found that intake of saturated fats decreases the small-dense LDL-
cholesterol fraction but increases the large-buoyant LDL-cholesterol fraction. High levels of large-buoyant LDL fraction may
be resistant to oxidation and anti-atherogenic and therefore protective against CHD, whereas the small-dense LDL fraction is
more susceptible to oxidation, is pro-atherogenic. High levels of this LDL fraction are associated with greater CHD risk. Hence,
consumption of saturated fat may alter the ratio of these fractions and be protective against CHD. In this paper I will review the
major published effects of dietary fat, saturated fat and cholesterol on serum cholesterol levels and the increased risk of CHD.
ashoureljamil@yahoo.comEffects of dietary saturated fat on serum
cholesterol levels
Ashour Saleh Eljamil
University of Tripoli, Libya
J Org Inorg Chem 2019, Volume:5
DOI: 10.21767/2472-1123-C2-024