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Plant Genomics 2019
June 13-14, 2019
Berlin, Germany
Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research
ISSN: 2249-7412 Page 31
Plant Genomics
5th Edition of International Conference on
Maria Krzakowa et al., AJPSKY 2019, Volume 09
Complex analysis of genetic differentiation in Lolium
westerwoldicum European collections revealed by
biochemical and molecular markers
Maria Krzakowa, Zbigniew Celka and Michał Ronikier
Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland
Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Lolium westerwoldicum Break a very important forage
grass was initiated in Westerwolde (Netherlands)
and this is why its name was created by the place where
the species has been selected. This annual grass can
exist as diploid or tetraploid form. Thirty tetraploid
cultivars originated from different European countries
were examined according to phosphoglucose isomerise
(PGI, EC5.3.1.9). PGI as one of the most important
enzyme systems, catalysis the reversible isomerization
of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate and
have an influence on starch production in chloroplasts.
Individual plants were genotyped from one-month
old seedlings cultivated in the uniform greenhouse
conditions. Electrophoresis was performed on horizontal,
11% starch gels (Sigma) in Ashton buffer system pH
8.1 and staining procedure from Vallejos with some
minor modifications. Electrophoretically detected PGI
band patterns show four alleles in one locus. Because
of its dimeric structure, PGI is very polymorphic in all
Lolium species. Investigated cultivars were described
by such genetic parameters as observed and expected
heterozygosity, fixation indices and polymorphic indices
of genotypes. Similarities between populations, based
on allele frequencies were illustrated by dendrogram
constructed using the unweighted pair of group method
UPGMA. All investigated populations (=cultivars) show
oscillation in polymorphism level from Pg=0.1267 for
almost monomorphic cultivar Gonzales to the most
polymorphic cultivar Kaja (Pg=-.9025). Molecular biology
offers a wide range of markers that can be utilized in crop
breeding. Besides these mentioned above investigations,
ten other populations composed of individuals belonging
to the two species: L. westerwoldicum and L. multiflorum
were simultaneously compared according to PGI and
AFLP markers and show spectacular separation of these
species in question.
Biography
Maria Krzakowa works as Professor Senior at Adam Mick-
iewiczUniversity inPoznań, Poland. Some years ago, she spent
one- year training as Post Doc at the University of California Da-
vis. She learned there allozymes detection by horizontal elec-
trophoresis. First of all, her scientific activity was concerned
about genetic variation of natural populations of Bryophytes
(different species of Hepatics and Mosses) and later on for-
est trees: Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris), beech (Fagus sylvatica)
and ash-tree (Fraxinus excelsior). In the meantime she devel-
oped investigations on grasses, for example Apera spica-ven-
ti and Alopecurus myosuroides. Her main achievement was
the first description of dimeric peroxidise in reed (Phragmites
australis). It was some kind of discovery, as dimeric peroxidise
was known earlier only from the rice (Oryza sativa).Now, she is
working on European collection of Italian andWesterwolds rye-
grasses (Lolium spp.) considering biochemical and molecular
polymorphism of these important forage grasses.