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Pain Management 2019 & Internal Medicine 2019
March 25-26, 2019
Rome, Italy
International Journal of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine
ISSN: 2471-982X
Page 18
JOINT EVENT
7
th
Edition of International Conference on
Pain Management
8
th
Edition of International Conference on
Internal Medicine &
Patient Care
&
Deadly viruses that cross international
borders
Reza Nassiri
Michigan State University, USA
T
he global medical community is witnessing
incredible trends in globalization, increase in
population, which provides grounds for emergence
and reemergence of viral epidemics throughout the
world. These epidemic can potentially overwhelm
the healthcare delivery systems for provision of a
comprehensive medical care delivery. In the past two
decades, we have witnessed some of the deadly viral
epidemics of the 21st century such as the Ebola virus
epidemic inWest Africa, the 2009 flu pandemic, dengue
fever and Zika outbreak especially in Brazil. From such
outbreaks occurring unpredictably around the world,
global health experts acknowledge viruses now have
evolved to rapidly cross international borders.
In 2014, an outbreak of Ebola occurred in West Africa,
primarily in Liberia, Sierra Leon and Guinea. The virus
took the lives of more than 11,000 people in three
countries. Recovery from Ebola is dependent on early
disease onset, adequate supportive care, and the
patient’s immune system.
Influenzaoutbreakstakeplaceduringthewintermonths.
Thevirushasgeneticallyevolved tocontinuouslymodify
itself by what is known to be antigenic shift and drift.
In the case of antigenic shift, the virus evades immune
system. Anothermedical concern is dengue viruswhich
is an acute febrile illness. It is transmitted bymosquitos
of the genus Aedes. This virus was discovered in 1943
by two Japanese scientists in Nakasaki. It is an old
virus that has reemerged during the latter half of the
2oth century. The infection primarily is caused by four
serotypes; DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN3, and DEN-4. Another
virus that has crossed international boundaries is Zika
virus. Most recently, Venezuela is facing a resurgence
in dengue, Zika, Chagas disease and malaria due to
its ongoing political and humanitarian crises which
have already further compromised it’s already existing
broken down health systemand is seriously threatening
its public health infrastructure. Although tremendous
progress has been made in the past years to improve
epidemiological surveillance and rapid detection of
viruses that cross international borders, yet capacity-
building for rapid detection and optimal care delivery
are just examples of few obstacles and challenges
that global health faces especially in resource-
limited countries. To meet the global challenges in
the context of deadly viral infections, interdisciplinary
collaborations facilitate synergism with respect to an
optimal healthcare delivery system.
Reza Nassiri, Int J Anesth Pain Med 2019, Volume 5
DOI: 10.21767/2471-982X-C1-004