Journal of Plant Biology and Agriculture Sciences

Nematodes are thread-like roundworms that sleep in a good range of environments including soil and fresh and salt water. There are species of nematodes that prey on fungi, bacteria, protozoans, other nematodes, and plants. They will also parasitize insects, humans, and animals. Nematodes that prey on plant parts are called plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) and are ubiquitous in agricultural soils. The life cycle of a nematode includes eggs, juveniles and adults, and that they can overwinter at any of those stages. Crop damage is that the results of a posh interaction of the environment, initial nematode populations at planting, the pathogenicity of the nematode species and therefore the ability of the plant to tolerate nematode feeding.

Most PPNs feed by piercing and killing root cells with needle-like structures called stylets. Nematodes that utilize this sort of feeding include lesion, lance, needle, sting, stunt, and sting nematodes. a number of the foremost economically damaging nematodes just like the root knot nematode (RKN) and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) enter roots and establish a permanent feeding sites where they complete their life cycles without killing the cells around them.