Phytochemicals

Phytochemicals are chemicals of plant origin. Phytochemicals are chemicals produced by plants through metabolism. they typically have biological activity within the plant host and play a task in plant growth or defense against competitors, pathogens, or predators.

Phytochemicals generally are considered research compounds instead of essential nutrients because proof of their possible health effects has not been established yet. Phytochemicals under research are often categorized into major categories, like carotenoids and polyphenols, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, and stilbenes/lignans. Flavonoids are often further divided into groups supported their similar chemical structure, like anthocyanins, flavones, flavanones, and isoflavones, and flavanols. Flavanols further are categorized as catechins, epicatechins, and proanthocyanidins. Challenges therein field include isolating specific compounds and determining their structures, which are often complex, and identifying what specific phytochemical is primarily liable for any given biological activity.

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