Journal of Pharmaceutical Microbiology

Disinfection is defined as Destruction of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins or vectors by direct exposure to chemical or physical agents. General Disinfectants used in Pharmaceutical industry include alcohols, chlorine and chlorine compounds, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, ortho-phthalaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, iodophors, peracetic acid, phenolics, and quaternary ammonium compounds.

According to WHO, Sterilization is process of complete destruction or removal of all microorganisms (including spore-forming and non-spore-forming bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa) that could contaminate pharmaceuticals or other materials and thereby constitute a health hazard.

Sterilization refers to the complete destruction or elimination of all viable organisms in or on a substance being sterilized. Types of sterilization include: Physical (Moist Heat & Dry Heat), chemical and radiation.