Insights in Aquaculture and Biotechnology

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is now the best available biotechnological tool for the induced breeding of fish. GnRH is the key regulator and central initiator of reproductive cascade in all vertebrates. It is a decapeptide and was first isolated from pig and ship hypothalami with the ability to induce pituitary release of luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Since then only one form of GnRH has been identified in most placental mammals including human beings as the sole neuropeptide causing the release of LH and FSH. However ,in non mammalian species (except guinea pig) twelve GnRH variants have now been structurally elucidated ,among them seven or eight different forms have been isolated from fish species. Depending on the structural variant and their biological activities, number of chemical analogues have seen prepared and one of them is salmon GnRH analogue profusely used now in fish breeding and marked commercially throughout the world .The induced breeding of fish is now successfully achieved by development of GnRH technology.