Nano Research & Applications

Microemulsion routes to nanomaterials of controlled size and toxicity

Joint Event on 25^th Nano Congress for Future Advancements & 12^th Edition of International Conference on Nanopharmaceutics and Advanced Drug Delivery
August 16-18, 2018 | Dublin, Ireland

M.Worsley, A.Sireetharan and P.A.Sermon

Brunel University, UK

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Nano Res Appl

DOI: 10.21767/2471-9838-C3-015

Abstract

The extent to which NPs are bound onto or into macro matrices by say chemical glues [1] affects their availability and healthenvironmental impact. The toxicity of NPs has an important impact on human health and the environment. This can from their high surface: volume ratio (i.e. their particle size), but also their morphology, degree of aggregation and concentration [2], and because of all these they interact uniquely with their surrounding environment. Often their toxicity increases as their size decreases, possibly due to their (i) ease of penetration of cell walls, (ii) higher solubility and vapour pressure (via the Kelvin equation), (iii) higher reactivity with larger number of defects and lower number of nearest neighbours (N) and (iv) low stability metastable structures. Their higher toxicity in seen in reference [3]. It ought to relate to particle size effects seen in other spheres of chemistry, e.g. catalysis of structure -sensitive and –insensitive reactions over small metal particles noted at Brunel in the 1980s [1]. For example growth of Ru NPs can at intermediate sizes produce B5-sites. Fractal analysis [4]; surface geometries can overshadow surface chemistry. Fractal analysis is a tool for investigating these complex structures. If the surface has n sites of area σ then the surface area A=nσ. Here we consider the opportunities provided by non-ionic surfactant (NIS)- stabilized water-in-oil microemulsions to produce designer nanoparticles of metals, oxides, perovskites and nanocomposites. In this area France has a long heritage [5].

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