Abstract

Background: There are various methods of controlling the inclination of the incisors during retraction, but there is no evidence as to the advantages of some methods over others. Research conducted by our team related to the review of the available literature identified several methods with varied effectiveness of torque control during anterior teeth retraction.
Methods: In the study of the available literature that was qualified to our study we included the patients with complete permanent dentition with the examined the maxillary incisor torque after and before retraction with straight-wire appliance and different modes of torque control where statistically significant differences in torque values of the upper incisors after orthodontic treatment were observed. The literature of our research were subjected to risk of bias and quality analyses with the ROBINS-I protocol and the modified Newcastle–Ottawa QAS, respectively
Results: Despite numerous articles published in reputable scientific journals (580 subjects) only 13 articles could be selected because only they met our criteria. All authors recognized that incisors were retroclined during retraction by 2.46° (mean difference), which was statistically significant. Statistical analysis confirmed that the differences in torque between the study group and the control group were statistically significant in most of research. We assessed our research for heterogeneity of articles in relation to their impact on the significance of the analysis performed.
Conclusion: As a result of the analysis conducted by our team we recognized that both properly performed corticotomy and en-masse retraction using orthodontic microimplants seem to be the most effective and scientifically validated methods of torque control. Just after the publication of our research an article “En-Mass Retraction of Maxillary Anterior Teeth with Severe Proclination and Root Resorption—A Case Report” appeared which also discussed the advanced retraction of incisors with the use of Tads and evaluate the difference in their inclination.