The Use of Phytochemicals in the Therapy of Pathogenic Microorganisms is Being Studied

Antibiotic resistance, also known as microbial drug resistance, is becoming a serious concern to human health around the world, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains providing major roadblocks to medication development. Newer antibiotic-resistance mechanisms in microorganisms contribute to existing treatments' inefficacy, as well as prolonged disease and rising costs. Inappropriate use of conventional and widely available antibiotics in human health, hygiene, veterinary, and agricultural operations is proven to be a primary cause of antibiotic resistance evolution, persistence, and transmission at an alarming rate. The lack of new and powerful antibiotics is exacerbating the problem. To treat MDR infections, creative and effective new medications and innovative therapies are critically needed. Plant secondary metabolites, or phytochemicals, are proven effective in treating drug-resistant strains, in addition to the other natural and synthetic medications being explored. Phytochemicals from several classes, such as alkaloids, phenols, coumarins, and terpenoids, have been shown to have inhibitory capability against drug-resistant infections. Several phytochemicals have been found to be effective against the molecular determinants of drug resistance in pathogens, such as membrane proteins, biofilms, efflux pumps, and bacterial cell communication. The rate of translational success, on the other hand, needs to be improved, but the trends are promising.

Author(s): Sam G. Tricker*

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