The Anti-proliferative Activity of Vitex agnus-castus Leaves Methanol Extract against Breast and Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the capability of Vitex agnus-castus methanol extract which showed anti-angiogenic activity by Hayder and co-worker in previous study, to inhibit cancer cell line proliferation, and to identify the possible mechanism of action.
Methods: The anti-proliferative activity of the methanol extract tested by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and Prostate cancer cell line (PC3) which were purchased from American type culture cell (ATCC). 1, 1-diphenyl -2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH assay) has been used to identify the free radical scavenging activity.
Results: Dose response relationship was shown. No significant cytotoxic activity of methanol extract has identified on MCF7 and PC3, the IC50 were 46.52μg/ml and 90.01μg/ml respectively. Methanol extract presented free radical scavenging capability the IC50 was (126.79mg/ml).
Conclusion: These finding showed that methanol extract had a significant dose-dependent efficiency against the growth of the cells MCF7 and PC3. At the same time, the extract did not show any cytotoxic action at the applied dose, so no toxic effect against the MCF7 and PC3 cell line can be expected in vitro. The capability of the Vitex agnus-castus methanol extract in scavenging the free radicals may elucidate the mechanism of action on cell line.

Author(s): Hayder B. Sahib, Adeeb A. Al-Zubaidy, Shallal M. Hussein, Saad Sabbar Dahham, Fouad Saleih Al-Suede and Amin Malik Shah

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