Study on the volatile constituents of Solanum nigrum var. virginicum L. from Nigeria

Essential oil obtained from the hydrodistilled leaves of Solanum nigrum var. virginicum L. from Nigeria was characterised by means of gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-seven volatile constituents accounting for 97.6% of the total oil contents were identified from the oil sample. The oil was highly composed of sesquiterpene compounds (70.8% hydrocarbon content and 10.2% oxygenated counterpart), but low in monoterpene (0.7% hydrocarbon and 1.2% oxygenated). Fatty acids were also present in appreciable quantity (14.1%). Germacrene D (14.8%), pentadecanal (11.4%), β-elemene (10.1%), α- bulnesene (7.9%), δ-cadinene (6.0%), β-caryophyllene (6.5%) and α-copaene (5.5%) were the major components of the oil. Comparative compositional analysis of the constituents of known studied Solanum species was also evaluated.

Author(s): Akintayo L. Ogundajo*, Ibrahim A. Oladosu, Isiaka A. Ogunwande, Guido Flamini and Moses S. Owolabi

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