Significant contribution to bone homeostasis restoring through modeling mechanisms induced by a marine bioactive complex

Statement of the Problem: Bone remodeling occurs as a multifactorial event coordinated by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts and is a key process in many osteoarticular diseases: osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, osteodystrophy, osteogenesis imperfecta, etc. The ageing time is associated with a low osteoblasts synthesis and an accelerated osteoclasts-driven bone resorption. The bone homeostasis could dramatically be destroyed by extrinsic factors as hormones or growth factors or by intrinsic mechanisms caused by osteoblasts cellular senescence. As a consequence, the progressive bone loss is installed. The main therapies for these wide spreading phenomena concern the anticatabolic drugs, including estrogens, SERMS (selective estrogen receptor modulators), amino-biphosphonates and RANKL-inhibitors. These drugs reduce bone resorption during the remodeling process. Even they are efficient in bone mass stabilization, anabolic drugs targeting osteoblastic cells are needed to increase bone formation and resistance. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Our research is focused on main remodeling cycle mechanisms: “in vitro” differentiation of osteoclasts and their activation, as well as osteoarthritic osteoblasts synthesis and mineralization. The experimental framework designed in order to define the role of a marine bioactive complex obtained through original biotechnologies consists in standardized cell lines (OCP – Lonza and HOB-OA - Promocell) and reliable methodologies of investigation: fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry. Findings: The marine bioactive complex stimulates the osteoblasts mineralization and alkaline phosphatase externalization, suggesting their regeneration, and inhibits osteoclasts differentiation expressed by morphological changes of their multinucleate status, together with the bone resorption process driven by extracellular RANKL. Conclusion & Significance: Acting on both mechanisms essentials for bone homeostasis, the marine bioactive complex gain a particular interest for therapy, as a promising natural solution for “in situ” restoring of metabolic processes.

Author(s): Laura Olariu

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