Review on Genetic Variability in different Genotypes of Maize (zea mays L)

Maize (Zea mays L.) is that the world’s third most vital cereal crop that has remarkable productive potential. The primary center of origin of maize is considered by most authorities to be Central America and Mexico, where many diverse types of maize are found. It is one of the leading economic crops of the world. Besides its uses as food and feed, maize is a priority and strategic crop to respond to the world’s quest for alternative energy sources. In Ethiopia, it ranks first in total production and yield per unit area and it is the staple crop for millions of people. The selection for high yield with desirable traits depends on the genetic variability in the existing germplasm. Successful breeding programs need adequate genetic variation for selection and improvement supported necessity. Knowledge of the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic gains in the selection of desirable characters could assist the plant breeder in ascertaining criteria to be used for the breeding programs. Many studies on genetic variability with the help of suitable biometrical tools such as variability, heritability, genetic advance gives an idea about the extent of genetic variability present in the population. Heritability is a suitable measure for assessing the magnitude of the genetic portion of total variability and genetic advance aids to make improvements in the crop by selection for various characters. This review paper was prepared to assess the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance of maize genotypes.

Author(s): Werkissa Yali*

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