In vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Abrus precatorius Seed Extracts Against MCF-7 Cell Lines

Abrus precatorius linn (Fabaceae) is a climbing shrub widely distributed in India, tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The objective of this research work is to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of the ethanolic extract (AHE) and ethyl acetate (AEE) against MCF-7 cell lines by using MTT assay. Tamoxifen was used as a standard to compare the cytotoxic activity of the extracts. The preliminary phytochemical evaluation of, the ethanolic extract of seed showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. Ethyl acetate extract contained steroids and terpenes. Both the extracts are tested on MCF-7 cell lines to observe the in vitro cytotoxic activity.The IC50 concentration of tamoxifen, ethanolic extract (AHE) and ethyl acetate (AEE) are 37.79 μg/ml, 60.89μg/ml, and 143.8μg/ml respectively. The IC50 concentration of ethanolic and ethyl acetate extract showed lower activity when compared with standard tamoxifen, this may be due to its crude nature. Based on the previous reports on cytotoxic properties of Abrus precatorius seeds with that of the present results it clearly indicates that, Abrus precatorius seeds has potential cytotoxic properties and can be used as a source of antitumor agents.

Author(s): Pusapati Madan Ranjit, V. Manasa, Y. A. Chowdary, k. Prabhu Das Kiran, K. Phani Kumar, P. Venkateswara Rao and Girijasankar Guntuku

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