In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Propolis,
Alum, Miswak, Green and Black Tea, Cloves
Extracts Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis
Isolated from Periodontitis Patients in Hilla
City, Iraq

Huda Hadi Mohammad

Abstract

In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Propolis, Alum, Miswak, Green and Black Tea, Cloves Extracts Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis Isolated from Periodontitis Patients in Hilla City, Iraq

Background
Human periodontal disease has been associated with a complex microbiota, the development of destructive periodontitis seems to be the result of a specific infection. Gram positive coccoid bacteria have been related to periodontal health, while periodontal disease was associated with Gram negative rods. The clinical use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents, as adjuvants for the treatment of periodontitis, has been extensively investigated in the past decade. Recently, special attention has been paid to natural medication including propolis, alum and various plant extracts.
Methods
Swabs were taken from periodontal pockets of 30 patients (periodontic Department, teaching clinics of oral and dental surgery in Hilla city), porphyromonas gingivalis was identified according to the cultural properties, microscopic examination and biochemical tests. Antibacterial action was evaluated on this isolate by using six different aqueous extracts of Salvadora persica (Miswak), aluminum potassium sulphate (alum), propolis, green and black tea, cloves (Syzygium aromaticum ) .
Results
Antimicrobial activity of propolis, alum and plant aqueous extracts at 50% concentration by well-diffusion method was characterized by inhibition zones. At this concentration, the maximum inhibition zone diameters 35mm, 40 mm were found in Salvadora persica and alum, respectively, for propolis the inhibition zone was 30 mm, while green tea and clove give the same inhibition zone 20 mm, the minimum inhibition zone 10 mm was found in black tea.
Conclusions
In summary, the showed a wide spectrum antibacterial activity. These results suggest that, propolis, alum, Salvadora persica (Miswak), clove, green and black tea have antibacterial actions against black pigmented P.gingivalis (from periodontal pockets) and may be used for the treatment and prophylaxis against periodontal diseases.