Hypertension After Kidney Transplantation: Prevalence and Predictive Factors

The prevalence of hypertension in kidney transplant patients ranges from 70 % to 90%.Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality also decreased allograft survival are important consequences of inadequate control of hypertension. It’s a retrospective descriptive cohort study including 32 kidney transplant patients during 48 monthes at Nephrology departement in La Rabta Hospital in Tunis during the periode from the first of January 2015 to the 31 December 2018. One year after transplantation 22 kidney transplant recipients have hypertension (68,7%).Prevalence of hypertension when renal transplantation was performed was 84%.The middel âge of our patients was 31,81±8,3 years. The gender ratio was 1,9.Renal replacement therapy was performed by hemodialysis in 25 cases (78%) and 7 patients (22%) by peritoneal dialysis. Living kidney donor transplant in 94% of cases with femal gender in 65 %.The middel âge of kidney donor was 44,38 year old±10,9years. One year after transplantation 5 patients had develop diabetes (15%), post transplant dyslipidemia occurs in 26 cases (81%), anemia in 2 cases (6%). A comparative study was performed between two groups : Group A :Hypertension in kidney transplant recipients after one year (n=22) Group B : patients who did not develop hypertension after kidney transplantation (n=10). Factors significantly associated with hypertension after kidney transplant were : • Age of kidney recipient more than 50 year old before transplantation. • Dyslipidemia before transplantation • Overweight and obesity • Creatinine one year after kidney transplant ≥15mg/dl. The etiology of post transplant hypertension is multifactorial :Native kidneys, immunosuppressive therapy, renal graft artery stenosis and chronic allograft nephropathy are the most common causes.

Author(s): Rim Ben Dhia

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