Genotypic Detection of Cefepime Resistance in Iraqi Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Study background and aims: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is opportunistic pathogen commonly implicated in serious nosocomial infections .It resisted many Antibiotics including β-lactams group. The aims of this study were to detect ESBLs production in clinically isolated P. aeruginosa and the prevalence of Cefepime resistance gene using PCR technique. Material and method: Eighteen isolates of P. aeruginosa were isolated from patients suffering various infections. They diagnosed using Api 20E Kit followed by genotypic detection using a housekeeping gene (rpsl) by PCR. Rapid ESBLs detection kit was used to detect four types of β-lactamases including: preliminary screening for β-lactemase, ESβLs type, Metallo-β- lactamases (MβL) and AmpC enzyme. BlaCTX-M and blaCMY genes responsible for 3rd and 4th generation cephalosprine (cefepime) resistance respectively were screened by PCR. Results: Out of 18 isolates,15(83.3%) were positive in Preliminary screening of β-lactamases, ESβLs type were detected in 13 isolates (72.2%), the rate of MβL producers were 9(50%) and 7 isolates (38.8%) were AmpC producers. Detection of blaCTX-M gene revealed that 13\18 isolates (72.2%) harbored this gene, while prevalence of blaCMY gene was 3\18 (16.6%). Conclusion: Most of the isolates were able to produce more than one type β-lactamases and 3rd generation resistance is more predominant as compared with 4th generation resistance.

Author(s): Sawsan Sajid AL-Jubori, Israa Mohamed Safi Al-Kadmy and Eman Natiq Naje

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