Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advances of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Varieties Grown at Bako Tibe in Western Ethiopia

Sixteen soybean genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replication in 2015/2016. Data were collected on Days to50% flowering, Days to pod setting, Days to 95% maturity, plant height and number of branch per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, Leaf Area Index, Biological yield, hundred seed weight, Grain yield and Harvest index. Computed mean values were used to estimate characters Genotypic and Phenotypic Variance, Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV), heritability and genetic advance percent of mean were estimated for each trait. All characters show significant variation and the coefficient of variation were relatively low. Heritability was greater than 70% for all characters studied except number of branch per plant, leaf area index, harvest index and days to flowering whereas expected genetic advance percent of mean ranged from low (1,98%) in Harvest index to high (42.2%) in biological yield in ton/ha. High heritability and high genetic advance percent of mean for biological yield followed by pod length and plant height indicates the presence of additive genes in the trait and suggests reliable soybean improvement through selection of the trait. In this studies high heritability with high genetic advance as percent of mean were found for plant height (84.59%, 21.3), pod length (89.2%, 35.3) and biomass yield (94.46%, 42.2), respectively. Whereas high heritability was associated with moderate genetic advance were found for number of pod/plant (89.8%, 11.43%) and days to 95% maturity (91.46 %, 9.96), respectively.

Author(s): Deresse Hunde Desissa

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