Evaluation of Serum Creatinine and Cockcroft-Gault Estimated GFR as an Early Biomarker of Renal Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Control of blood sugar level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) cases is of utmost importance in prevention of long term complications like chronic kidney disease (CKD). With an alarming increase of the incidence of Type 2 DM cases the early detection of renal impairment becomes more important. The study therefore was carried out to evaluate whether conventional biomarker like creatinine and creatinine based GFR has any implication or not for diagnosing early renal impairment in such cases.

Materials and Methods: 60 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients and 60, age and sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Routine biochemical markers like FBS, PPBS, Serum urea creatinine, Lipid profile and special parameters like HbA1c and Urine microalbumin level was measured in all of them.

Results: We have found out that serum urea and creatinine were not significantly raised in normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric cases as compared to controls. But creatinine based GFR was significantly reduced in microalbuminuric cases when compared to controls but not significantly reduced (p=0.09) in normoalbuminuric diabetics when compared with controls.

Conclusion: Creatinine based GFR can help us to diagnose early renal impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus cases.

Author(s): Arindam Sur

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