Enhancing Gastric Cancer Therapy: Nanoparticle Insights from In Vitro Studies

Cancer, particularly gastric cancer, poses a significant global health challenge, ranking among the leading causes of death worldwide. Current therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, exhibit varied effectiveness across different cancer stages and often lead to chemo resistance and adverse effects. Nanomedicine, owing to its unique nanoscale properties, presents promising opportunities in cancer detection and treatment. This study investigates the potential therapeutic implications of nanoparticles, specifically Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs), in gastric cancer therapy. The research elucidates the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy drug 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) and GNPs on human gastric cancer cell line MLN-45 cells. Initial experiments revealed optimal incubation times of 72 hours for 5FU and 24 hours for GNPs, achieving significant reductions in cell viability. A critical finding was the enhanced cytotoxicity observed when combining chemotherapy with GNPs and laser irradiation. Notably, lower concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents yielded higher cell destruction when combined with GNPs, potentially reducing adverse drug effects. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the challenges and opportunities associated with nanomedicine. While GNPs exhibit promise in cancer therapy, there remain uncertainties regarding their clinical applicability and biological interactions. Understanding the equilibrium between exposure duration and toxicity is crucial in optimizing therapeutic strategies involving nanoparticles. In essence, this study emphasizes the capacity of nanotechnology to enhance conventional cancer treatments and emphasizes the necessity for continued exploration to maximize therapeutic benefits while minimizing undesired outcomes. These results set the stage for future inquiries into the practical application of nanoparticles in treating gastric cancer

Author(s): Mehrnaz Mostafavi, Mahtab Shaabani

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