Determinants of Poor Glycemic Control among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Public Hospitals of the Central Zone, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2018: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Background: Poor glycemic control is a major determinant for complications of diabetes mellitus. In order to prevent the complications, identifying the determinants of poor glycemic control are imperative. However, only few studies were conducted related to this topic, particularly in Tigray. Hence, this study was aimed at identifying the determinants of poor glycemic control in the Centeral Zone of Tigray, North Ethiopia.
Methods: A hospital based case-contrl study was conducted from from August 1 to September 30, 2018. A total of 87 cases and 173 controls selected by systematic random sampling technique were included in the study. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for further analysis. Bivariable logistic regression analysis followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis (AOR, 95% CI and p value<0.05) was conducted to determine the association between the independent variables and glycemic control.
Results: The mean age (±Standard deviation) for the controls and the cases were 56 (SD: ± 10.97) and 44.6 (SD: ± 16.6) with standard error of 0.83 and 1.78 respectively. This study identified that not being a member of Ethiopian diabetes association [AOR=2.68, 95% CI [1.23,5.81], and non-adherence to medication [AOR=2.13, 95% CI [1.07,4.23], diet [AOR=4.05,95% CI [1.88,8.73], exercise [AOR=2.53, 95% CI [1.29,4.93] and self-monitoring of blood glucose level [AOR=4.57, 95% CI [2.02, 10.34] were the factors which significantly associated with poor glycemic control.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that not being member of Ethiopian diabetes association and non-adherence to diabetic medication, diet, exercise and self-monitoring of blood glucose level were found to be the determinants of poor glycemic control among diabetic patients.

Author(s): Teklewoini Mariye, Degena Bahrey, Hagos Tasew, Girmay Teklay, Gebrewahd Bezabh Gebremichael, Tewolde Teklu, Guesh Mebrahtom and Woldu Aberhe

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