Dementia: Neuropathology Based on Changes in Tau Protein

Dementia is a clinical situation that requires novel
practical dependence based on the dynamic memory
failure and subjective loss, as its Latin source
proposes: an exit from past mental functioning. The
occurrence of dementia ascends with age, making it an
undeniably common subject among the matured
populace. The nature of manifestations among
individuals with dementia is more dependent and
helpless, both socially and regarding physical and
psychological wellness, introducing advancing
difficulties to society and to our medical services and
hospitals. In spite of the apparently straightforward
premise, the clinical analysis of dementia can be
troublesome with de novo functional disability
frequently clouded by physical weakness and misery.
Clinical and neurotic basis for the fundamental
dementia causing illnesses overlaps remarkably. The
development of symptoms takes us into the pathophysiological
procedure hamper focused on disorder
treatment. An incredible number of research activities
are in progress to distinguish potential biomarkers of
disease prior its occurrence. Pathological changes of
Tau in response to dementia Aggregation of
intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), which
comprise of anomalous hyperphosphorylated Tau, is
specifically connected with the level of dementia in
Alzheimer's disease patients. Various proofs show that
the prion-like seeding and spreading of Tau pathology
might be the reason of Alzheimer's disease. Previously
on various occasions, more prominent research on Tau
pathway has uncovered novel areas for the
improvement of analysis of specific treatment Tau can
manage intracellular transport along the axon. Under
physiological situations, very few Tau is identified in
dendrites, where it is associated with balancing
postsynaptic receptor action. Tau is additionally found
in the nucleus. It is supposed that the Tau in the
nucleus maintains the integrity of the DNA by
providing support under severe conditions or response.
Finally, Tau is demonstrated at minimum levels in
astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Overall considering
the Tau activity, the neurological Tau pathology at is
significant in AD. eventually the neuronal death. Thus,
at early stage of Alzheimer’s disease, the diagnosis and
removal of Tau proteins and even the seedcompetent
monomers (prior to the development of PHFs and
NFTs) might be of significantly importance in
preventing Tau pathology. Recent advancement over
its mechanism study has revealed that these Tau
proteins are the significant cytotoxic species (rather
than fibrillar aggregates) which disrupts the synaptic
function. The disruption of synaptic functions leads the
propagation of Tau pathology Presently a number of
research investigations on different aspects of
dementia have been studied many significant advances
have been made to understand its pathology. Dementia
is a dynamic form of disorder causing laboratory,
social, clinical and financial difficulties. the location
where the actual pathology of Tau proteins starts
gradually and progressing along the Braak stages III
and IV also known as the limbic system and finally it
reaches the Braak stages V and VI, which is also the
isocortex. The topographical extension of Tau
pathology is significantly correlated with the cognitive
impairment characteristics and dementia in
Alzheimer's disease and it has also been used to
categorize the disease into six different Braak stages
Dementia is a dynamic form of disorder causing
laboratory, social, clinical and financial difficulties.
Though the diagnosis of this disorder is clinical, but
the successful understanding and treatment can be
improved by development of biomarkers. The diseases
caused by dementia overlap in their phenotypes and
pathophysiology. Tau protein was first introduced over

Author(s): Bedadyuti Mohanty

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