Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Correlation between Predisposing Factors and the Affected Coronary Arterial Branches

It is well-established that coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. CAD is caused by an imbalance between blood perfusion to the myocardium and its nutritional demands as a result of atherosclerotic obstruction of the coronary arteries. Several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors have been blamed to cause CAD. The literature contains huge amount of studies about CAD and its risk factors but very little information is present in the literature concerning the effect of different risk factors on specific coronary arteries or their respective branches. Taking into account the lifestyle of the Jordanian population, the contribution of each risk factor as a causative factor for CAD and the possible linkage between different risk factors and the coronary branches affected by CAD have never been studied. In this study, six coronary arterial branches were included. These branches are the right coronary artery (RCA), the left main (LM) coronary artery, the left circumflex (LCx), the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, the obtuse marginal (OM) artery and the diagonal (Diag.) artery. Data From 600 CAD patients attending the Cardiology clinic at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) were included. The collected data include detailed history of the predisposing CAD risk factors and the diseased coronary branches were recorded for each patient. Patients data was analyzed by Chi-Square tests using SPSS software and p=0.05 was considered as significant.81.2% of the patients were males and 75.2% of the patients occur in the age range between (41-64) years old which are, in this thesis, arbitrarily referred to as middle-aged patients. This study found some interesting results concerning the possible link between CAD-affected coronary branches and the underlying risk factors.

Author(s): Mo’ath S. Alzu’bi*

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