Cardioprotective Effect of the Methanolic Extract of Boiled Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) on Isoproterenol Induced Myocardial Infarction in Albino Rats

Epidemiological studies revealed that Indians are at greater risk of getting myocardial infarction. On the other hand, India sports the highest per capita consumption of fresh peanuts globally, standing at 6.3kg in 2010. The boiled peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) is said to possess a bioactive phytoprinciple, Resveratrol, a potent cardioprotective agent. Hence this study was designed to investigate the cardio protective effect of the methanolic extract of boiled peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) against isoproterenol induced experimental myocardial infarction in albino rats. Wistar albino rats were pretreated with the methanolic extract of A. hypogaea (33mg / kg. of body weight, orally) for 15 days and then induced with isoproterenol (ISO 30 mg /kg. of body weight, sub-cutaneously for 2 consecutive days). On 18th day, blood was collected by cervical decapitation under anesthesia. Heart was removed for histopathological studies. Serum samples were used to estimate total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL. The enzyme markers lactate dehydrogenase, SGOT and SGPT were estimated. In isoproterenol, induced rats levels of cholesterol, TG, LDL were increased significantly with a decrease in HDL level and the enzyme markers like LDH, SGOT, SGPT levels were increased. The pretreated group animals with A. hypogaea showed decreased marker enzymes level, cholesterol, TG, LDL and increased HDL level. The results suggested that the methanolic extract of Arachis hypogaea possess cardioprotective effect on experimentally induced myocardial infarcted albino rats. The activity might be because of the high content of resveratrol present in the boiled peanuts.

Author(s): Karthik Mohanand Karthika. K

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