Antidiabetic Potential and Identification of
Phytochemicals from Tinospora cordifolia

Varsha V Sonkamble; Laxmikant H Kamble

Abstract

Antidiabetic Potential and Identification of Phytochemicals from Tinospora cordifolia

Objective: Tinospora cordifolia an ayurvedic herb has different classes of phytochemicals with medicinal significance in diabetes management. The hypothesis and possible mode of action of these phytochemicals used as antidiabetic drug has been already reported. So, we focused on identification of the T. cordifolia phytochemicals as well as the compounds responsible for antidiabetic activities in context of α-amylase inhibition.
Methods: Total phenol estimation and Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of T. cordifolia extracts and assay of α-amylase inhibition was done. Positively responding extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS). Obtained LCMS data was processed using online databases like MassBank, ChemSpider and Phenol Explorer for characterization of compounds.
Results: Total Phenolic content of T. cordifolia extracts showed significant variations in their concentrations with highest phenolic content in ethanol extract, while highest α-amylase inhibition was showed by ethyl acetate extract. Extracts with more than 40% inhibitory activity were subjected to LCMS; analyzed by MassBank, ChemSpider resource and phenol explorer database for compound identification. Identified compounds were searched in the literature for reported antidiabetic activity and we found seven; Cyanidin 3-Osambubiosyl 5-O-glucoside, Hesperetin 7-Rhamnoglucoside, quercetin 3-O-β-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-galactopyranoside, Blumenol C malonylglycosyl galacturonide [M+H]+, Verbascoside, Quercetin-3-glucuronide, and Catechin/Epicatechin-(epi) gallocatechin dimer.
Conclusion: The phytochemical profiling of T. cordifolia presented in this study revealed a diverse range of bioactive phenolics. Also it can be predicted that the potent antidiabetic activity of T. cordifolia is due to presence of compounds inhibiting α-amylase and α- glucosidase enzymes.