Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Alcoholic and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Cocculus orbiculatus in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Objective: The purpose of study was to determine the aerial parts of the plant Cocculus orbiculatus (Menispermaceae) for antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methods: Cocculus orbiculatus was subjected to soxhlet extraction. Aqueous, alcoholic and hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained. These extracts were tested for toxicity unto 2000 mg/kg as per OECD-423 guidelines. Antidiabetic activity was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test and streptozotocin induced model. In oral glucose tolerance test COAE and COHAE exhibited greater activity compared to aqueous extract. Hence the two extracts were further screened by streptozotocin induced model at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg for 15 days.
Results: COAE and COHAE effectively lowered serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins, aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, urea and elevated high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, liver glycogen levels and body weight.
Conclusion: COAE and COHAE elicited dose-dependent effect. The effect produced at the lower dose (COAE & COHAE) was not considerable. Hydroalcoholic extract (300 mg/kg) elicited greater antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity compared to alcoholic extract (300 mg/kg).

Author(s): Damayanthi Dalu and Satyavati Dhulipala

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