Adverse Childhood Experiences as the Background of Many Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Disorders .

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with many kinds of addictions, risk behaviors, psychological and mental disorders, and many leading causes of death. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of ACEs among patients suffering from various liver diseases. We used the WHO international questionnaire (ACE-IQ) and additional questions about addictions, suicide attempts, education, and employed various psychological tests. We counted the serious adverse experiences according to the recommendation of WHO. Early adverse life events are associated with the irritable bowel syndrome. Exposure to EALs as assessed by the Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire is associated with greater disease prevalence, but ACE has not been studied in the disorders. Study aims were to Estimate the prevalence of EALs in the IBS patients using the ACE questionnaire and to determine the correlations between ACE and Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form scores to confirm it is validity in IBS. To examine the relationship of the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including abuse, neglect, and the forms of household dysfunction, to the risk of liver disease by assessing the role of the risk behaviors, such as substance abuse and the high-risk sexual activity, as mediators of the ACEs–liver disease relationship.

Author(s): Mihály Makara

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